{"id":5712,"date":"2015-09-21T13:45:35","date_gmt":"2015-09-21T13:45:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/15.188.81.248\/2015\/09\/21\/megadeslizamientos-la-construccion-brutal-de-el-hierro\/"},"modified":"2025-06-30T11:51:47","modified_gmt":"2025-06-30T09:51:47","slug":"megadeslizamientos-la-construccion-brutal-de-el-hierro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.escapadarural.com\/blog\/megadeslizamientos-la-construccion-brutal-de-el-hierro\/","title":{"rendered":"Megadeslizamientos: la construcci\u00f3n brutal de El Hierro"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"El<\/a>
Fuente: underworld \/ Shutterstock\n\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Para que la isla de El Hierro<\/a> encontrase su punto de equilibrio y pudiera crecer la vida en ella, fueron necesarios tremendos rugidos, deslizamientos gigantes de tierra y tsunamis. Los tres valles de El Hierro son las cicatrices brutales de su formaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seg\u00fan el doctor J.C. Carracedo, las erupciones de las islas volc\u00e1nicas en su fase juvenil son extraordinariamente intensas. Las islas crecen muy r\u00e1pido en esta fase: superan \u00abel l\u00edmite de estabilidad del edificio insular\u00bb y colapsan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El colapso se traduce en un desplome gigante del material sobrante, un megadeslizamiento gracias al cual la isla recupera el equilibrio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los cuatro megadeslizamientos de El Hierro<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Es probable que uno ignore que su paseo por el Valle de El Golfo, de El Julan o Las Playas, es un recorrido por las cicatrices adolescentes de El Hierro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por donde hoy el visitante ve el paraje inabarcable y hermoso de El Golfo, hubo un corrimiento de tierra atronador hace unos 20.000 – 130.000 a\u00f1os que arrastr\u00f3 cerca 50 km3 de tierra<\/strong> por unos 2.600 km2 de pendiente (escarpe) y cre\u00f3 un dep\u00f3sito marino de unos 150 km3 de volumen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El estudio de la formaci\u00f3n de las islas oce\u00e1nicas y los megadeslizamientos comenz\u00f3 en los \u201960. Se identificaron enormes corrimientos de tierra en la isla Molokai (Hawai). El desarrollo de la disciplina ha encontrado en Canarias el mejor campo de estudio, donde destaca la figura del doctor J.C. Carracedo.<\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Cuesta imaginar algo tan grande.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"El<\/a>
Valle de El Golfo. Fuente: alexilena \/ Shutterstock\n\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tras el deslizamiento sobrevino la gran ola, los llamados megatsunamis. Los de El Hierro se perdieron en el Oc\u00e9ano y, aunque no falta quien asegura que el megadeslizamiento de El Golfo provoc\u00f3 una ola que lleg\u00f3 a Canad\u00e1, la \u00fanica evidencia cient\u00edfica de un megatsunami en las Canarias<\/a> se encuentra en el Valle de Agaete (Gran Canaria).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00abLa existencia de al menos cuatro megadeslizamientos en el corto intervalo de 1 mill\u00f3n de a\u00f1os explica adecuadamente la morfolog\u00eda de El Hierro, imposible mediante una erosi\u00f3n normal (marina, lluvia, viento, etc.)\u00bb, asegura<\/a> el doctor J.C. Carracedo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seguimos con el doctor Carracedo: \u00abEn El Hierro se form\u00f3 inicialmente el edificio volc\u00e1nico Ti\u00f1or, entre 1.12 y 0.88 Ma [Millones de a\u00f1os]. A su colapso sigui\u00f3 una nueva fase de actividad que rellen\u00f3 completamente la depresi\u00f3n originada formando el edificio volc\u00e1nico El Golfo (545.000-134.000 a\u00f1os), que a su vez tuvo un deslizamiento hace unos 130.000 a\u00f1os que form\u00f3 la actual depresi\u00f3n de El Golfo, cuyo relleno est\u00e1 actualmente en progreso\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Megadeslizamientos, afortunadamente<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"El<\/a>
Fuente: Karol Kozlowski \/ Shutterstock\n\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sin los megadeslizamientos las islas no encuentran el equilibrio. Es necesario el colapso, del mismo modo que el universo busca el equilibrio de temperatura y las especies se adaptan al medio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La b\u00fasqueda del equilibrio<\/strong> es una constante cient\u00edfica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y por tremendo que parezca un megadeslizamiento (o un megatsunami), gracias a ellos se form\u00f3 el acu\u00edfero<\/strong> del Valle de El Golfo: se descubri\u00f3 en 1996 y hasta entonces El Hierro se identificaba con escasez de agua, tanto por su juventud como por la porosidad de sus formaciones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hay m\u00e1s, para acabar: Los Parques Naturales de la Caldera de Taburiente y Ca\u00f1adas \u00abson cuencas originadas por deslizamiento\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u00e9 curioso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n | Megadeslizamientos en las Islas Canarias<\/a><\/em> (.pdf)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Para que la isla de El Hierro encontrase su punto de equilibrio y pudiera crecer la vida en ella, fueron necesarios tremendos rugidos de la tierra, tsunamis y deslizamientos gigantes de tierra…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":136,"featured_media":203267,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[279],"tags":[605,307,1699],"class_list":["post-5712","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencia","tag-el-hierro","tag-que-ver-en-islas-canarias","tag-megadeslizamientos"],"acf":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/www.escapadarural.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/AdobeStock_883255275_-playa-verodal_elhierro_Por-Migeli-Barrios_WP_07.webp","author_info":{"display_name":"Escapada Rural","author_link":"https:\/\/www.escapadarural.com\/blog\/autor\/user\/"},"yoast_head":"\nMegadeslizamientos: la construcci\u00f3n brutal de El Hierro - 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